The Prophet pbuh said: Most of my nation's hypocrites are its scholars(readers literally).
"أكثر منافقي أمتي قراؤها"
An authentic hadith despite what said scholars might say, here is a whole research into its chains and paths and narrations authenticated in a scientific manner :
In Arabic :
https://t.me/tajdeedbooks/194
In English translated by Google Translate:
❄ Authentic Hadith: (Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters):
Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (scholars)!
The majority of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (scholars)! ❄ Hadith of Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-Aas:
* It is mentioned in Musnad Ahmad (11/209/6633): [Zayd ibn al-Hubab narrated to us from his book, saying: Abd al-Rahman ibn Shurayh narrated to us, saying: I heard Shurahbil ibn Yazid al-Ma’afiri say that he heard Muhammad ibn Hudayyah al-Sadafi say: I heard Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-Aas say: I heard the Messenger of Allah, may God bless him and grant him peace, say: “Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran)”];
- It is in Ibn Abi Shaybah’s Musannaf (235) (13/228/35476): [Zayd ibn al-Hubab told us, saying: Abd al-Rahman ibn Shurayh told me, saying: Shurahbil ibn Yazid al-Ma’afiri told me, saying: I heard Muhammad ibn Hadiyyah al-Sadafi say: I heard Abdullah ibn Amr say: I heard the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, say: Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran)];
[This is in] - It is in Musnad Ahmad (11/212/6637): [Ali ibn Ishaq narrated to us, Abdullah, meaning Ibn al-Mubarak, narrated to us, Abd al-Rahman ibn Shurayh al-Ma'afiri narrated to us, Shurahbil ibn Yazid narrated to us, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Hudayyah, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Amr, who said: The Messenger of Allah, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: (Most of the hypocrites of my nation are its reciters)];
— It is found in the hadiths traced back to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in Al-Bukhari’s Al-Tarikh Al-Kabir (1/212/212): [Muhammad ibn Muqatil said to me: Ibn al-Mubarak told us: Abd al-Rahman ibn Shurayh al-Mu’afiri informed us: Shurahil ibn Yazid told me, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Hudayyah, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As, who said: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran).”]
— It is also found in Khalq Af’al al-‘Ibad (p. 291/613): [Muhammad ibn Muqatil Abu al-Hasan told us: Abdullah told us: Abd al-Rahman ibn Shurayh al-Mu’afiri told us: Shurahil ibn Yazid told me, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Hudayyah, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As, may God be pleased with him, said: The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran).”
—This is found in Ibn al-Mubarak’s “Az-Zuhd” (1/84/451): [Abd ar-Rahman ibn Shurayh al-Ma’afiri narrated to us, saying: Sharahbil ibn Yazid narrated to me, on the authority of a man, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Amr, who said: The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran).”]
And in Al-Firyabi’s description of hypocrisy and condemnation of hypocrites (p. 78/36): [Abu Bakr and Uthman, the sons of Abu Shaybah, narrated to us, saying: Zayd ibn al-Hubab narrated to us, saying: Abd al-Rahman ibn Shurayh Abu Shurayh al-Iskandarani narrated to us, saying: Sharahil ibn Yazid al-Ma’afiri narrated to me, saying: I heard Muhammad ibn Hadiyyah al-Sadafi say: I heard Abdullah ibn Amr say: He said The Messenger of Allah, may God bless him and his family and grant them peace, said: “Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran).”
[The following is a separate statement:] ... And it is in the description of hypocrisy and the condemnation of hypocrites by al-Firyabi (p. 78/35): [Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Balkhi narrated to us, Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak narrated to us, Abd al-Rahman ibn Shurayh al-Ma'afiri narrated to us, Sharahil ibn Yazid narrated to us, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Hadiyyah, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As, who said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and his family and grant them peace, said: “Most of the hypocrites The hypocrites of my nation are its reciters (of the Quran).
—This is found in Ibn Waddah’s Al-Bida’ (pp. 274/258, according to the automated numbering of Al-Shamela): [Asad narrated to us, saying: Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak narrated to us, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Shurayh al-Mu’afiri, who said: Sharhabil ibn Yazid narrated to us, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Hudbah, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As, who said: The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Most of the hypocrites of my nation are its reciters.”]
And it is in the description of hypocrisy and the characterization of hypocrites by Abu Nu’aym (p. 166/155): [Ali ibn Harun narrated to us, saying: Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Firyabi narrated to us, saying: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Balkhi narrated to us, saying: Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak narrated to us, saying: Abd al-Rahman ibn Shurayh al-Ma’afiri informed us, saying: Sharahil ibn Yazid narrated to us, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Hadiyyah, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran).” This was also narrated by Zayd ibn al-Hubab and Ibn Wahb, on the authority of Abu Shurayh Abd al-Rahman ibn Shurayh. - And it is in Sharh al-Sunnah by al-Baghawi (1/73): [Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abi Tawbah informed us, Abu Tahir Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn al-Harith informed us, Muhammad ibn Yaqub al-Kisa’i informed us, Abdullah ibn Mahmud informed us, Ibrahim ibn Abdullah al-Khallal informed us, Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak informed us, on the authority of Abd al-Rahman ibn Shurayh] Al-Ma'afiri said: Sharahil ibn Yazid narrated to me, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Hadiyyah, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran)."
—This is found in Ibn Asakir's dictionary (1/298/(608)): [Ubayd Allah ibn Nasr ibn Ubayd Allah ibn al-Sari Abu Muhammad ibn al-Zaghuni al-Baghdadi informed us by permission, which he wrote to me from Baghdad, and Abu Tahir Yahya ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Mahamili, the jurist, said, as I read to him in a group, they said: Abu Ja`far Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Umar ibn al-Muslimah told us, Abu al-Fadl Ubayd Allah ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad al-Zuhri told us, Abu Bakr Ja`far ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn al-Mustafad al-Firyabi told us, Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Balkhi told us, Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak told us, Abd al-Rahman ibn Shurayh al-Ma`afiri told us, Shurahil ibn Yazid told us, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Hidayah, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As, who said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: Most of the hypocrites of my nation are its reciters (of the Quran). - It is in Musnad Ahmad (11/211/6634): [Hasan narrated to us, Ibn Lahia narrated to us, Darraj narrated to us, on the authority of Abd al-Rahman ibn Jubayr, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-Aas, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah, may God bless him and grant him peace, say: “Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran)”];
[The following is a separate hadith:] I said: The hadith of Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As is authentic on its own, and the statement of al-Hafiz regarding Muhammad ibn Hidayah al-Sadafi that he is merely “acceptable” (meaning his hadith is only accepted when corroborated) is incorrect. Rather, he is trustworthy: al-Ajli and Yaqub ibn Sufyan deemed him trustworthy, and Ibn Hibban included him in his book of trustworthy narrators. Al-Dhahabi was unaware of all this and said in his “Mizan al-I'tidal”: “He is unknown.” Glory be to Him who encompasses all things in knowledge. In any case, he is corroborated: he was corroborated by Abd al-Rahman ibn Jubayr al-Misri, the muezzin, who was trustworthy, a reciter of the Quran, a jurist knowledgeable in inheritance laws, and from the middle generation of the Tabi'in. He died around 97 AH.
❄ The Hadith of Uqbah ibn Amir al-Juhani:
* It is mentioned in Khalq Af'al al-'Ibad (p. 291/614): [Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahim narrated to us, Mansur ibn Salamah narrated to us, al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah narrated to us, and he was reliable, Mishrah ibn Ha'an narrated to us, on the authority of Uqbah ibn Amir, may God be pleased with him, on the authority of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, who said: Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran)];
And in his description of hypocrisy and condemnation of hypocrites, Al-Firyabi (p. 77/34) said: [Ahmad ibn Khalid al-Khallal narrated to me, Abu Salamah al-Khuza'i narrated to us, al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah Abu al-'Abbas al-Misri narrated to us, and I have not seen anyone in Egypt more reliable than him, he said: Mishrah ibn Ha'an narrated to us on the authority of 'Uqbah ibn 'Amir on the authority of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and his family and grant them peace, that he used to say: “Most of them The hypocrites of my nation are its reciters (of the Quran)”;
—This is in Al-Firyabi’s description of hypocrisy and condemnation of hypocrites (p. 73/31): [Qutaybah ibn Sa’id narrated to us, Ibn Lahi’ah narrated to us, on the authority of Mishrah ibn Ha’an, on the authority of ‘Uqbah ibn ‘Amir, who said: The Messenger of Allah, may God bless him and his family and grant them peace, said: “Most of the hypocrites of my nation are its reciters”];
- And it is in the description of hypocrisy and the condemnation of hypocrites by Al-Firyabi (p. 76/32): [Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Balkhi narrated to us in Samarkand in the year two hundred and twenty-six. Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak informed us. Ibn Lahia informed us. Abu al-Mus’ab Mishrah ibn Ha’an narrated to us. He said: He heard Uqbah ibn Amir al-Juhani say: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and his family, said And he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran).”
—This is found in Ibn Waddah’s “Al-Bida’” (p. 273/257, according to the automated numbering of Al-Shamela): [Muhammad ibn Waddah narrated to us, saying: Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, saying: Asad ibn Musa narrated to us, saying: Ibn Lahia narrated to us, saying: Musrah ibn Ha’an narrated to us, saying: I heard Uqbah ibn Amir say: I heard the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) say: “Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran).”]
— It is found in Fawa’id Tamam (2/393/893, according to the automated numbering of Al-Shamela): [Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Salih and Abu al-Harith Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ammarah, among others, told us: Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd al-Samad al-Baruzi told us: Junadah ibn Muhammad al-Murri told us: Mansur ibn Ammar told us: Abdullah ibn Lahi’ah told us, on the authority of Musharrah ibn Ahan [Ha’an], on the authority of Uqbah ibn Amir al-Juhani, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran).”]
— It is found in Musnad al-Ruyani (1/247/210): [Al-Barqi told us: Ibn Abi Maryam told us: Ibn Lahi’ah told us, on the authority of Musharrah ibn Ha’an, who said: I heard Uqbah ibn Amir say: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran).”] - It is in Al-Tabarani’s dictionary with diacritics (15/335/14256): [Abu Yazid Al-Qaratisi narrated to us, Asad bin Musa narrated to us. (H) And Bishr bin Musa narrated to us, Yahya bin Ishaq Al-Saylahini narrated to us. (h) Yahya ibn Ayyub al-Allaf narrated to us, saying: Sa`id ibn Abi Maryam narrated to us, saying: Ibn Lahia narrated to us, on the authority of Abu `Ushana, on the authority of `Uqba ibn `Amir, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, say: “Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran).”
I say: Abu `Ushana is Hayy ibn Ya`min ibn Hujayl ibn Hudayj ibn As`ad al-Ma`afiri al-Misri, a trustworthy narrator from the middle generation of the Successors (Tabi`in). He died in 118 AH.
- And it is in the description of hypocrisy and the description of hypocrites by Abu Nu’aym (p. 165/154): [Ali ibn Harun narrated to us, Ja’far al-Firyabi narrated to us, Qutaybah ibn Sa’id narrated to us, he said: Ibn Lahi’ah narrated to us, on the authority of Mishrah ibn Ha’an, on the authority of Uqbah ibn ‘Amir, he said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: “Most of the hypocrites of my nation are its reciters”]; Then Abu Nu'aym said: (It was narrated by Ibn al-Mubarak, al-Walid ibn Muslim, al-Muqri', and Bishr ibn al-Sari, on the authority of Ibn Lahi'ah). I said: The three 'Abdullahs—'Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak, 'Abdullah ibn Yazid al-Muqri', and 'Abdullah ibn Wahb—are well-known for their authentic, early transmission from Ibn Lahi'ah. Qutaybah ibn Sa'id used to verify his transmission against the books of 'Abdullah ibn Wahb; therefore, everything he narrated from Ibn Lahi'ah is also authentic. Most people are unaware that al-Walid's transmission Ibn Muslim is also very old; as are Bishr ibn al-Sari, Yahya ibn Ishaq al-Silhini, Sa'id ibn Abi Maryam, and others whom I have mentioned elsewhere. In any case, he was not alone in this narration; rather, al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah corroborated it, and his version is stronger and more reliable. Similarly, Musharrah ibn Ha'an was not alone in this narration, as Abu 'Ashanah corroborated it. Therefore, the hadith of 'Uqbah ibn 'Amir al-Juhani is authentic on its own, based on the combined chains of transmission.
❄ The Hadith of Abdullah ibn Abbas:
* It is mentioned in Al-Du’afa’ al-Kabir by Al-Uqayli (1/274): [And Musa ibn Muhammad ibn Kathir al-Juddi told me: Hafs ibn Umar al-Adani told us: Al-Hakam ibn Aban told us, on the authority of Ikrimah, on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Most of the hypocrites of my nation are its reciters (of the Quran).” He said: And there is no corroboration for this hadith from Ibn Abbas either, and it has been This was narrated on the authority of Abdullah ibn Amr, on the authority of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), with a sound chain of transmission.
I say: Hafs ibn Umar al-Adani is not considered strong. Nevertheless, one feels at ease because the hadith was narrated on the authority of Abdullah ibn Abbas (may God be pleased with them both).
❄ The hadith of Ismah ibn Malik al-Khatami:
* It appears in al-Tabarani's Mu'jam (15/186/13907) with diacritics: [And with his chain of transmission, on the authority of Ismah, who said: I heard the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran)"] The chain of narration is: Ahmad ibn Rishdin al-Misri narrated to us, Khalid ibn Abd al-Salam al-Sadafi narrated to us, al-Fadl ibn al-Mukhtar narrated to us, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Mawhib, on the authority of Ismah ibn Malik al-Khatmi.
I say: However, al-Fadl ibn al-Mukhtar has three or four problematic narrations, and this is not one of them. He was not accused of fabricating or stealing hadith, so it is not surprising that this report was narrated on the authority of Ismah ibn Malik al-Khatmi.
❄ Concluding critique of the hadith:
Firstly: We have established above that both the hadith of Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As and the hadith of Uqbah ibn Amir al-Juhani, each individually, are authentic based on the combined chains of narration. Secondly: Imam al-Bukhari affirmed its authenticity and attributed it to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, in his book "The Creation of the Deeds of Servants" (p. 290/611 - the Prophet's saying, peace and blessings be upon him: "Most of the hypocrites of my nation are its reciters," and he listed the reciters of the Mu'attilah, the Jahmiyyah, the people of desires, and others). He then presented the two narrations as they appeared above:
* As they appear in "The Creation of the Deeds of Servants" (p. 291/613): [Muhammad ibn Muqatil Abu al-Hasan narrated to us, Abdullah narrated to us, Abd al-Rahman ibn Shurayh al-Mu'afiri narrated to us, Sharahil ibn Yazid narrated to me, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Hudayyah, on the authority of Abdullah ibn...] Amr ibn al-Aas, may God be pleased with him, said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: “Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran).”
* And it is mentioned in Khalq Af'al al-'Ibad (p. 291/614): [Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Rahim narrated to us, Mansur ibn Salamah narrated to us, al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah narrated to us, and he was reliable, Mishrah ibn Ha'an narrated to us, on the authority of 'Uqbah ibn 'Amir, may God be pleased with him, on the authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who said: "Most of the hypocrites in my nation are its reciters (of the Quran)"];
And thirdly: Al-Albani authenticated it among contemporary scholars;
Fourth: There are also supporting narrations with the exact same wording from Abdullah ibn Abbas and Ismah ibn Malik al-Khatmi, despite some issues with their chains of transmission.
All of this necessitates absolute certainty regarding the authenticity of the hadith, word for word, from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, with a certainty that transcends all reasonable doubt. Indeed, it may even reach the level of absolute certainty, surpassing all possible doubt. And God knows best and is the Most Wise!
Thayr3d ago
