这是一个**Linux软件机器人助手**的 skill.md： ```yaml --- name: ubuntu-software-bot description: 在Ubuntu上运行的软件机器人，支持语音交互、定时任务、天气查询和新闻阅读 metadata: author: linux-automation version: 1.0.0 tags: [ubuntu, automation, voice, api, cron] requirements: [curl, jq, cron, pulseaudio] --- ``` ## Ubuntu软件机器人开发指南 ### 核心功能架构 ```bash 软件机器人 = 语音输入 → 指令解析 → 任务执行 → 语音/文字输出 ``` ## 1. 语音交互模块 ### 语音转文字（STT） ```bash # 使用 OpenAI Whisper 本地版 pip install openai-whisper # 录音并识别 arecord -d 5 -f cd -t wav /tmp/input.wav whisper /tmp/input.wav --model base --language Chinese ``` ### 文字转语音（TTS） ```bash # 方案1：espeak（离线，机械音） sudo apt install espeak espeak -v zh "你好，我是机器人助手" # 方案2：edge-tts（在线，更自然） pip install edge-tts edge-tts --text "你好，我是机器人助手" --write-media /tmp/output.mp3 play /tmp/output.mp3 ``` ### Python封装 ```python #!/usr/bin/env python3 import speech_recognition as sr import subprocess import os class VoiceInterface: def __init__(self): self.recognizer = sr.Recognizer() def listen(self, duration=5): """录制并识别语音""" with sr.Microphone() as source: print("🎤 正在聆听...") audio = self.recognizer.record(source, duration=duration) try: text = self.recognizer.recognize_whisper(audio, language="zh") return text except Exception as e: return None def speak(self, text): """语音输出""" # 使用 edge-tts cmd = f'edge-tts --text "{text}" --write-media /tmp/bot_speak.mp3' subprocess.run(cmd, shell=True) subprocess.run(['play', '/tmp/bot_speak.mp3']) ``` ## 2. 指令解析系统 ### 命令映射表 ```python COMMANDS = { "天气": "get_weather", "新闻": "get_news", "定时": "set_reminder", "提醒": "set_reminder", "播放音乐": "play_music", "查询": "web_search", "打开": "open_application", "关闭": "close_application" } def parse_command(text): """解析自然语言指令""" for keyword, action in COMMANDS.items(): if keyword in text: return action, text return "unknown", text ``` ### 自然语言处理（可选） ```bash # 使用本地LLM（如ollama） pip install ollama # 解析用户意图 curl -X POST http://localhost:11434/api/generate \ -d '{"model": "qwen2.5", "prompt": "提取指令：用户说'明天早上8点叫我起床'"}' ``` ## 3. 定时任务系统 ### 使用Cron ```bash # 编辑crontab crontab -e # 每天8点播报天气 0 8 * * * /home/user/bot/weather_report.sh # 每小时检查一次邮件 0 * * * * /home/user/bot/check_email.sh ``` ### Python定时任务（APScheduler） ```python from apscheduler.schedulers.background import BackgroundScheduler from datetime import datetime class TaskScheduler: def __init__(self): self.scheduler = BackgroundScheduler() self.scheduler.start() def add_reminder(self, time_str, message, callback): """添加提醒""" hour, minute = map(int, time_str.split(':')) self.scheduler.add_job( callback, 'cron', hour=hour, minute=minute, args=[message] ) def daily_task(self, hour, minute, task_func): """每日任务""" self.scheduler.add_job( task_func, 'cron', hour=hour, minute=minute ) ``` ### Systemd Timer（系统级） ```ini # ~/.config/systemd/user/bot-daily.timer [Unit] Description=Daily bot task [Timer] OnCalendar=*-*-* 08:00:00 Persistent=true [Install] WantedBy=timers.target ``` ## 4. 天气查询模块 ### 使用OpenWeatherMap API ```python import requests import os class WeatherService: def __init__(self): self.api_key = os.getenv('OPENWEATHER_API_KEY') self.base_url = "http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5" def get_current(self, city="Beijing"): """获取当前天气""" url = f"{self.base_url}/weather?q={city}&appid={self.api_key}&lang=zh_cn&units=metric" response = requests.get(url) data = response.json() if response.status_code == 200: weather = data['weather'][0]['description'] temp = data['main']['temp'] humidity = data['main']['humidity'] return f"今天{city}天气{weather}，温度{temp}度，湿度{humidity}%" return "获取天气失败" def get_forecast(self, city="Beijing", days=3): """获取未来天气预报""" url = f"{self.base_url}/forecast?q={city}&appid={self.api_key}&lang=zh_cn&units=metric" response = requests.get(url) # 解析并返回格式化预报... ``` ### 免费替代方案（ wttr.in ） ```bash # 命令行获取天气（无需API key） curl -s "wttr.in/Beijing?format=3" # 详细天气 curl -s "wttr.in/Beijing" | head -17 ``` ## 5. 新闻阅读模块 ### RSS订阅抓取 ```python import feedparser class NewsReader: def __init__(self): self.sources = { "tech": "https://www.techcrunch.com/feed/", "china": "https://news.sina.com.cn/rss/china.xml", "world": "https://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/world/rss.xml" } def get_headlines(self, category="china", count=5): """获取新闻标题""" feed = feedparser.parse(self.sources[category]) headlines = [] for entry in feed.entries[:count]: headlines.append(f"• {entry.title}") return "\n".join(headlines) def read_news(self, category="china"): """语音播报新闻""" news = self.get_headlines(category) summary = f"以下是{category}类新闻：{news}" self.speak(summary) return summary ``` ### 网页抓取（BeautifulSoup） ```python from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import requests def scrape_news(url, selector): """抓取特定网站新闻""" headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'} response = requests.get(url, headers=headers) soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser') articles = soup.select(selector) return [a.get_text().strip() for a in articles[:5]] ``` ## 6. 系统监控与控制 ### 系统信息获取 ```python import psutil import subprocess class SystemMonitor: def get_status(self): """获取系统状态""" cpu = psutil.cpu_percent() memory = psutil.virtual_memory().percent disk = psutil.disk_usage('/').percent return f"CPU使用率{cpu}%，内存使用率{memory}%，磁盘使用率{disk}%" def control_volume(self, level): """控制音量 0-100""" subprocess.run(['amixer', 'set', 'Master', f'{level}%']) def control_brightness(self, level): """控制屏幕亮度（需安装brightnessctl）""" subprocess.run(['brightnessctl', 'set', f'{level}%']) ``` ### 应用控制 ```python import subprocess class AppController: def open(self, app_name): """打开应用""" apps = { "浏览器": "firefox", "文件管理器": "nautilus", "终端": "gnome-terminal", "音乐": "spotify" } if app_name in apps: subprocess.Popen([apps[app_name]]) def close(self, app_name): """关闭应用""" subprocess.run(['pkill', '-f', app_name]) ``` ## 7. 完整机器人示例 ```python #!/usr/bin/env python3 """ Ubuntu Software Bot - 主程序 """ import os import sys from datetime import datetime class UbuntuBot: def __init__(self): self.voice = VoiceInterface() self.weather = WeatherService() self.news = NewsReader() self.scheduler = TaskScheduler() self.system = SystemMonitor() self.apps = AppController() print("🤖 Ubuntu Bot 已启动") def process(self, text): """处理用户输入""" action, full_text = parse_command(text) if action == "get_weather": response = self.weather.get_current() elif action == "get_news": response = self.news.get_headlines() elif action == "set_reminder": response = self.set_timer(full_text) elif action == "system_status": response = self.system.get_status() else: response = "我不太明白，你可以说：天气、新闻、定时提醒等" print(f"🤖: {response}") self.voice.speak(response) return response def set_timer(self, text): """解析并设置定时任务""" # 简单实现：提取时间（如"8点"、"30分钟后"） import re # 匹配"X点"或"X:X" time_match = re.search(r'(\d+)[点时]', text) if time_match: hour = time_match.group(1) return f"已设置每天{hour}点的提醒" return "请指定具体时间，比如'明天8点'" def run(self): """主循环""" while True: text = self.voice.listen() if text: print(f"👤: {text}") self.process(text) if __name__ == "__main__": bot = UbuntuBot() bot.run() ``` ## 8. 安装与配置 ### 依赖安装脚本 ```bash #!/bin/bash # install.sh sudo apt update sudo apt install -y \ python3-pip \ python3-venv \ portaudio19-dev \ espeak \ ffmpeg \ sox \ libsox-fmt-mp3 \ curl \ jq # Python依赖 pip3 install \ SpeechRecognition \ pyaudio \ requests \ beautifulsoup4 \ feedparser \ apscheduler \ psutil \ openai-whisper \ edge-tts echo "✅ 安装完成！" echo "请设置环境变量：export OPENWEATHER_API_KEY='your_key'" ``` ### 开机自启（Systemd） ```ini # ~/.config/systemd/user/bot.service [Unit] Description=Ubuntu Software Bot After=network.target [Service] Type=simple ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3 /home/user/bot/main.py Restart=always RestartSec=10 [Install] WantedBy=default.target ``` 启用： ```bash systemctl --user enable bot.service systemctl --user start bot.service ``` ## 9. 使用示例 ```bash # 语音命令示例： "今天天气怎么样" → 播报天气 "读一下新闻" → 播报头条新闻 "明天8点叫我起床" → 设置定时提醒 "打开浏览器" → 启动Firefox "系统状态" → 报告CPU/内存使用率 "播放音乐" → 打开音乐播放器 ``` ## 10. 扩展功能建议 - [ ] **智能家居控制** - 接入Home Assistant - [ ] **邮件提醒** - 检查新邮件并语音播报 - [ ] **日历集成** - 读取Google/Outlook日历事件 - [ ] **文件管理** - 语音搜索和操作文件 - [ ] **翻译功能** - 实时语音翻译 - [ ] **聊天对话** - 接入本地LLM进行闲聊 这是一个完整的Ubuntu软件机器人框架，你可以根据需求裁剪功能！需要我详细解释某个模块吗？